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Article: Scientific research in Homeopathy
Author: Dr. Nancy Malik
Location: Gurgaon, India


CONTENTS    A. BASIC FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH  B. High Dilution Research       C. Clinical Research





1. Triple-Blind Studies
2. Double-blind Randomised Placebo-Controlled Trial (DBRPCT)
3. Double-Blind Studies
4. Cohort/Observational/Pilot Studies
5. Systematic Reviews & Meta Analysis
6. Online Database
D.
7. Homeopathy Research Resource
8. More Research studies9. Physics behind homeopathyE.
10. Homeopathy as a Genetic Medicine
11. Evidence for specific disease conditions
12. Homeopathy superior to allopathy
13. Homeopathy cost-effective than allopathy
14. Homeopathy equals allopathy
15. Homeopathy superior to placebo16. Homeopathy improving quality of life
F.
17. Evidence-based Medicine
18. To distinguish one homeopathy medicine from another
19. To distinguish homeopathy medicine from water
20. Potency Selection21. Placebo Effect
22. Anecdotal Evidence
G.
23. Animal Studies
24. Plant Studies

IntroductionEvidence of homeopathy is undeniably positive and consistent. It's a human evidence of experience, gathered from a real-world observation in a real-world setting (not in an ideal artificial laboratory) giving real-world solutions.

BASIC FUNDAMENTAL RESEARCH
1. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Thermodynamics of extremely diluted aqueous solutions (1999) FULL TEXT // Successive dilutions and succussions may alter permanently the physical-chemical properties of the solvent water
2. Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
New Physico-Chemical Properties of Extremely-Diluted Aqueous Solutions (2004) FULL TEXT // The procedure of dilutions and succussions is capable of modifying in a permanent way the physico-chemical features of water
3. Toxicological Sciences (Oxford University Press)
Why small doses of medicine is better than large dose  (2006) FULL TEXT
4. IETE Journal of Research
http://www.jr.ietejournals.org/downloadpdf.asp?issn=0377-2063;year=2008;volume=54;issue=3;spage=223;epage=230;aulast=Jain;type=2 (2008) FULL TEXT // software for measuring physiological variability
5. Homeopathy (Elseiver)




Double-blind Placebo-controlled homeopathic patho-genetic trials (2006) FULL TEXT
Proving and therapeutic experiments in the HomBRex basic homeopathy research database (2007)
nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy on Kalium bichromicum (2008)
The 2005 meta-analysis of homeopathy: the importance of post-publication data (2008)
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (2008) // 3C differs from 4C
Placebo effect size same in conventional & homeopathy medicine (2010) FULL TEXT
Nux vomica & Calendula have significant effect on gene expression (2010)
6. Aspects of Research in Homeopathy
“The Effects of Hahnemannian Potencies of 7c Histaminum and 7c Apis Mellifica upon Basophil Degranulation in Allergic Patients”, Jean Boiron. Jacky Abecassls. and Philippe Belon, Lyon: Boiron, 1983, pp. 61-66.
7. Evidence-based Complimentary & Alternative Medicine (Hindawi)
Immunology and Homeopathy Part-1 (2005) FULL TEXT
Entanglement Theory  (2007) FULL TEXT
Dynamized Preparations in Cell Culture (2009) FULL TEXT // Carcinosinum 200C, Conium, Lycopodiumactivates beneficial gene p53 which provides defense against tumour/cancer
8. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (Liebert)
Variation in Fourier transform infrared spectra of homeopathic potencies (2005) FULL TEXT //distinguishing homeopathy medicine from solvent
9. Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology (National Research Council (NRC) Research Press, Canada)
10. Forschende Komplementarmedizin (German) meaning Research in Complimentary Medicine (English)
Homeopathic patho-genetic trials produce specific symptoms different from placebo (2009) FULL TEXT // homeopathy differs from placebo


Hahnemann's Contribution
11. An essay on a new principle for ascertaining the curative powers of drugs & some examinations of the previous principle, Journal of Practical Medicine, volume 2, parts 3 & 4, pages 391-439 & 465-561, Germany, 1796 // He came up with Principle of similars: Like cures like
12. Spirit of the Homoeopathic Doctrine of medicine, Allgemeine Anzeiger, vol. 2, Mar. 1813 // He said Man is a “biological whole”. No single part by itself represents the human being nor can manifest itself independently [from the others] [20].
13. Appeal to Thinking Philanthropists Respecting the Mode of Propagation of the Asiatic Cholera, 20 pages, 1831, republished in The British Journal of Homoeopathy, Oct 1849
He said, "On board ships – in those confined spaces, filled with mouldy watery vapours, the cholera-miasm finds a favourable element for its multiplication, and grows into an enormously increased brood of those excessively minute, invisible, living creatures, so inimical to human life, of which the contagious matter of the cholera most probably consists millions of those miasmatic animated beings, which, at first developed on the broad marshy banks or the tepid Ganges– on board these ships, I say, this concentrated aggravated miasm kills several of the crew ... “ (translated by R E Dudgeon, M.D. in The Lesser Writings of Samuel Hahnemann, 1851 edition, B Jain Publishers, reproduced edition, 2002, p. 758)
It was another 59 years (1890) before Koch saw these organisms, and later on orthodox medicine gave them the name ‘germs’
HIGH DILUTION RESEARCH (Serial-agitated ultra-molecular dilutions/Dilutions beyond Avogadro number)
1. Nature

Human basophil degranulation triggered by very dilute antiserum against IgE (1988) FULL TEXT
This is Jacques Benveniste’s famous “memory of water” study. Three other labs replicate the results before the paper was published—an unprecedented requirement. This study was replicated (the one after the next three) but not 100% reproducible.
D. T. Reilly, University of Glasgow, U.K. observed, "Scientific belief belongs on a flat earth. There is no danger, no threat to science in the restatement of the drug diluent paradox. We need only apply the scientific method and then seek the verdict of experience". K. Opitz, School of Maritime Studies, Hamburg remarked, "Does 'Nature' expect nature to accommodate academic disciplines in order to be vindicated? Casting doubt on findings merely because they are inconvenient to established assumptions and patterns of speculation strikes me as a poor way of advancing scientific knowledge".
2. Inflammation Research (Springer)
Histamine 15-19C modulates anti-igE stimulated human basophil (CD63) activation (2004) FULL TEXT // Research at 4 different laboratories in Europe found that Potentised Histamine alters the activity of White Blood Cells. The model is different to that of Benveniste; he used the same control but not the same activator. This study was replicated in the below two studies
Cytometric Protocols for analysis of human basophil activation: Biological Activity of high dilutions of histamine(2006)
Histamine 2C, 12C, 14-16C potency inhibits CD203c up-regulation in anti-IgE stimulated human basophils(2009) FULL TEXT
3. Complementary Therapies in Medicine (Elseiver)
The in vitro evidence for an effect of high homeopathic potencies—A systematic review (2007) FULL TEXT // 73% of 67 in-vitro experiments published in 75 publications showed specific effects with high dilutions
Homeopathy, sensation of well-being and CD4-levels (1998) // homeopathy improves sensation of well-being, provided evidence of ultra-high dilutions and may affect CD4 levels
4. Interdisciplinary Sciences: Life Sciences (SpringerLink)
Electromagnetic properties of highly-diluted biological samples (2009) FULL TEXT // Prof. (Dr.) Luc Montagnier, (Nobel Laureate for discovering HIV Virus) said potentised bacteria and virus DNA  emits electromagnetic signals (low frequency radio waves) at 5C and 6C potencies and forms specific nano-structures which are responsible for the EM effects measured. The EM signature changed with dilution levels but was unaffected by the initial concentration and remained even after the remaining DNA fragments were destroyed by chemical agents. The EM signal was destroyed by heating or freezing the sample. A ‘cross-talk’ effect was found whereby a negative sample inhibits the positive signal in another sample if they are left together overnight in a shielded container. It was also noted that the samples needed be ‘vortexed’ (a process akin to succussion) for the EM effects to be present.
Luc Montagnier’s paper discussed by Dr. Rachel Roberts
Luc Montagnier’s paper discussed by Institute of Science in Society http://www.i-sis.org.uk/homeopathicSignalsFromDNA.php
5. Material Letters 
Ultra dilute solutions have remarkable biological properties (2008) FULL TEXT // Prof. (Dr.) Rustom Roy, ultra-dilutions, like homeopathic remedies, do indeed contain stable and unique molecular structures with recognizable properties
6. Physica A (Elseiver)
Thermo-luminescence of ultra-high dilutions of lithium chloride & sodium chloride (2003) FULL TEXT // distinguishing one homeopathy medicine from another
7. Nonlinear Biomedical Physics (BioMed Central)
Influence of diluted mediators on fungal laccase activity (2009) FULL TEXT // bi-phase action, in vitro & in vivo 
8. HomeopathyMedicines beyond 12C retains nano-grams of fine nano-particles of original starting material (2010) FULL TEXT
The defining role of structure including epitaxy in the plausability of homeopathy (2007) FULL TEXT
9. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine (Liebert)
Gas Discharge Visualization Evaluation of Ultramolecular Doses of Homeopathic Medicines  (2003) // distinguishing homeopathy medicine from solvent
10. International Journal of High Dilution Research 

Hahemann's Contribution
11. Cure and prevention of scarlet fever, Journal of Practical Medicine, 1801 // His discovery of the prophylactic properties of Belladonna in scarlet fever. His dose: 1/24,000,000 i.e. 0.0416 nanograms of Belladonna, to repeat the dose every 72 hrs. This is the first recorded nano dose of medicine used in treatment of any disease. Thus Hahnemann can be attributed as The Father of Nano Medicine
12. On the Power of Small Doses of Medicine in General and of Belladonna in Particular", Journal of Practical Medicine, Vol. 13, part 2, p. 153-159, Jan. 1801.
others
http://lkm.fri.uni-lj.si/xaigor/slo/znanclanki/instrumental.htm (1999) FULL TEXT // kali Iodide
http://www.high-dilutions.net/VersionAn/
http://www.homeorizon.com/homeopathic-articles/homeopathic-researches/homeopathic-dilution-and-potency
http://www.otherhealth.com/research-scientific-validity-homeopathy/6082-homeopathy-mere-placebo-5.html#post81542 // nano-phase potencies


CLINICAL RESEARCH

TRIPLE-BLIND STUDIES
1. Journal of Psychosomatic Research (Pergamon)


DOUBLE-BLIND RANDOMISED PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL (DBRPCT)
1. Lancet (UK)
Is evidence for homoeopathy reproducible? (1994) // homeopathy does more than placebo
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9310601(1997) // homeopathy is statistically significantly superior (2.45 times more effective and positive at 95% confidence interval) to placebo
2. Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
Homeopathic treatment of otitis media (2001) // significant decrease in symptoms at 24 and 64 hrs after treatment in favour of homeopathy (P<0.05), otitis media: inflammation of middle ear
3 International Journal of Oncology (Spandidos)
Ruta 6 induces cell deaths in brain cancer cells: A novel treatment for human brain cancer (2003) FULL TEXT
Cytotoxic effects of ultra-diluted remedies on breast cancer cells (2010) FULL TEXT // Carcinosin, Phytolacca, Conium and Thuja for breast cancer
4. Rheumatology (Oxford University Press)
Improved Clinical Status in Fibromyalgia patients treated with homeopathic remedies Vs Placebo (2004) FULL TEXT // LM potency
http://rheumatology.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/39/7/714 (2000) FULL TEXT // osteo-arthritis of the knee
5. Chest (American College of Chest Physicians)Kali bichromicum 30C for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in critically ill patients (2005) FULL TEXT
6. British Medical Journal (British Medical Association)  
Homeopathy for fibrostis (1989) FULL TEXT // Rhus Tox 6C for fibromyalgia (earlier known as fibrositis) (Pain & Inflammation in muscles) 
Clinical Trials of Homeopathy (1991) FULL TEXT // 105 studies: 77% of studies show positive result of homeopathy
7. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (British Pharmacological Society)
Oscillococcinum in the treatment of influenza (1989) FULL TEXT
Homeopathic therapy in rheumatoid arthritis (1980) FULL TEXT // 82% patients got relief in rheumatoid arthritis compared to 21% on placebo
8. Phlebology (The Royal Society of Medicine Press, UK)


"Complementary Treatment of Varicose Veins: A Randomised, Placebo-controlled, Double-blind Trial" E. Ernst, T. Saradeth, K.L. Resch, 1990, 157-163.
Over a period of 24 days, the effects of a homeopathic complex preparation and placebo on varicose veins were tested in a double-blind trial of 61 people suffering from this condition. The homeopathic complex produced an averaged 44% improvement in the condition while those given the placebo experienced an averaged worsening of the disorder.
9. Biological Therapy (Informa, UK)
Homoeopathic Sinusitis Medication (1995) FULL TEXT
Traumeel for Sprains (1989) FULL TEXT
10. British Journal of Podiatry
11. European Journal of Paedretics (SpringerLink)                                                                                  http://www.springerlink.com/content/t512515754w83686/fulltext.pdf (2005) // ADHD                                                                                                                    
12. Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (InterScience by Wiley)
13. Ear, Nose and Throat disorders ( BioMed Central)
14. Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery (American Medical Association)
15. Sleep Medicine (Elseiver)
Effect of homeopathic medicines on polysomnographic sleep of young adults (2010) FULL TEXT // Nux Vomica 30 & Coffea Cruda 30 for insomnia
16. Cancer
Homeopathic medication TRAUMEEL S in the treatment of chemotherapy-induced stomatitis (2001) FULL TEXT
17. Applied Health Economics & Health Policy (Adis)
Sinfrontal (Cinnabaris 4X, Ferrum Phos 3X, etc) in the treatment of maxillary sinus (sinus + tooth pain) (2009) // ENT & respiratory tract infections
18. Rheumatic Diseases Clinics of North America (Elseiver)
Homeopathy and Rheumatic Diseases (2000)
19. Pediatrics (American Academy of Pediatrics)
Treatment of acute childhood diarrhea with homeopathic medicine (1994)20. American Journal of Pain Management
Osteo-arthritic Pain: A Comparison of Homeopathy and Paracetamol (1998) // 55% achieved pain relief from homeopathy as compared to 38% from acetaminophen
21. Journal of Clinical Gastro-enterology (Wolters Kluwer)
Homeopathy for postoperative ileus? A meta-analysis (1997)
22. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation (Wolters Kluwer)
Homeopathic Treatment of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury  (1999) FULL TEXT
23. Human and Experimental Toxicology (Sage)
Meta-analysis of serial agitated dilutions in experimental toxicology (1994) // 80% homeopathy medicines shows positive effects
24.Journal of Dermatological Treatment (Taylor & Francis)
Homoeopathic treatment of leg ulcers (1997) // Sulphur 6, Siliciea 6 & Carbo Veg 6
25 Archives of Otolaryngology- head & Neck Surgery (American Medical Association)
Homeopathic Vs conventional treatment of vertigo (1998) FULL TEXT
26. International Journal of High Dilution Research 
Usefulness of 13 homeopathic medicines in the management of acute rhinitis (2010) FULLTEXT // Nux-Vomica, Merc, Belladonna
27. The Science of the total Environment (Elseiver)
Arsenicum Album 30C for arsenic toxicity: Evidence-based findings (2007)
28. The European Journal of Heart Failure (Elseiver)
Efficacy of homeopathic Crataegus & Spigelia for mild cardiac insufficiency (2003) FULL TEXT
29. Annals of Pharmacotherapy (Harvey Whitney)
30. International Review of Allergology and Clinical Immunology (Medpress)
Brydak LB, Denys A. The evaluation of humoral response and the clinical evaluation of a risk-group patients’ state of health after administration of the homeopathic preparation Gripp-Heel during the influenza epidemic season 1993/94. 1999; 5: 223–227
31. Explore: The Journal of Science and Healing (Elseiver)

34. HNO (German) (SpringerLink Verlag)
Homeopathy in acute rhino-sinusitis (2007)
35. Journal de gynécologie, obstétrique et biologie de la reproduction (French) meaning Journal of Gynaecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Biology (English)
36. Wiener medizinische Wochenschrift (German)
Meta-analysis of homeopathic treatment of pollinosis with Galphimia glauca (1997) // homeopathic Galphimia glauca for hay fever
Homeopathy in emergency medicine (2005) // critically ill patients in ICU
37. Der Kassenarzt (German) meaning The Panel Doctor (English)
http://www.vasezdravlje.com/izdanje/clanak/1874/ (2006) FULL TEXT // tonsillitis
38. Arzneimittel-Forschung (German) meaning Medicines Research (English)
Treatment of vertigo with a homeopathic remedies (2005)
“Homoeopathische kombinatlon bel vertigo and nausea”, C.F. Claussen, J. Bergmann. G. Bertora .and E. Claussen, 34 (1984):1791-98.
39. Cahrs de Biotherapie (French) meaning CARS Biotherapy (English)
“Preparation for Birth by Homeopathy: Experimentation by Double-Blind Versus Placebo”, Pierre Dorfman, Marie Noel Lasserre. and Max Tetau, 94 (April 1987): 77-81 // Caulophyllum, Actea racemosa, Arnica, Pulsatilla and Gelsemium, all in 5C potency
The average labor time of the women given homeopathy was 5.1 Hours, while the Placebo Group was 8.5 Hours. Only 11.3% of women given homeopathy had any abnormal labor, while 40% of Placebo Group had an abnormal labour
40. Zeitschrift für Allgemeinmedizin (German) meaning Journal of General Practice (English)
41. Fortschritte der Medizin (German) meaning Medical Progress (English)
Treatment of pollinosis with Galphimia Glauca 4X (1983)
42. Allergologie (German) meaning Allergology
43.Tijdschrift Integrale Geneeskunde (Dutch) meaning Integrative Medicine Journal (English)
Rottey EED, Verleye GB, Liagre RLP. The effect of a homeopathic preparation in the prevention of flu symptoms: a randomized double-blind trial in primary care practice. 1995; 11: 54–58
44. Pédiatrie (French) meaning Pediatrics (English)
45. Aktuelle Rheumatologie (German) meaning Current Rheumatology (English)
HOMEOPATHY JOURNALS:
1. Homeopathy (Elseiver)                                                                                           
The research evidence base for homeopathy (2003) FULLTEXT // 50 of the 93 studies favours homeopathy in 8 medical conditions
Homeopathic & antibiotic treatment strategies in recurrent acute rhinopharyngitis (2005) // Inflammation of the mucous membranes of nose & throat
Arnica montana 30C for post-tonsillectomy analgesia (2007) // pain after tonsils removal
Cost-benefit evaluation of homeopathic versus conventional therapy in respiratory diseases (2009) FULL TEXT // treatment by homeopathy costs 50% less
Application of 200C potency of bacteria for Leptospirosis epidemic control (2010) FULL TEXT // 2.3 million people in Cuba protected against Leptospirosis (fever+jaundice+ inflammation in kidney+enlargement of spleen) with only 10 reported cases
Chronic Insomnia: Efficiacy of homeopathic simillimum (2010) FULL TEXT


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  1. Dr Nancy MalikJanuary 30, 2012 at 4:51 AM

    From 15 Feb 2012 onwards, the viewers would be automatically redirected from the google knol page to http://drnancymalik.wordpress.com/article/scientific-research-in-homeopathy/

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