How Homeopathy Works? A Scientific 'Working Hypothesis' Regarding The Molecular Mechanism Of Homeopathic Therapeutics by chandran nambiar
Homeopathic theoreticians till date try to explain the ‘modus operandi’ of potentized homeopathic medicines using one or other hypotheses available or evolved by them, and as such, homeopathy still belongs to a class of ‘unverified science’.
By the term ‘hypothesis’ we mean a ‘proposed explanation’ or "educated guess" for a phenomenon that we observe around us. Every ‘proposed explanation’ cannot be considered a ‘scientific hypothesis’. To be a ‘scientific hypothesis’, the scientific method requires that one can test the hypothesis using available scientific tools and methodology. Every new scientific hypotheses are generally based on previous observations that could not be satisfactorily be explained with the existing scientific theories. The words "hypothesis" and "theory" are often used synonymously in common and informal usage, even though a ‘scientific hypothesis’ is not exactly the same as ‘a scientific theory’. A hypothesis should be proved 'using scientific tools' in order to become a scientific theory. A ‘working hypothesis’ is a provisionally accepted hypothesis that is ready to be proved. Experimenters will have to test and reject several hypotheses before solving the given problem ultimately.
Testability (using existing scientific tools), Simplicity (avoiding excessive numbers of entities), Scope (apparent application of the hypothesis to multiple cases of phenomena), Fruitfulness (hypothesis may help to explain further phenomena in the future), and Conservatism (fitting with existing recognized knowledge-systems) are considered to be the essential qualities of a good scientific hypothesis.
Viewing from this standpoint, it is very much clear that most of the presently existing most celebrated 'theories' or hypotheses regarding homeopathy cannot be considered ‘scientific hypotheses’ since they contain concepts and conclusions that ‘could not be tested by any scientist using currently available scientific tools and methodology’ or 'fit with existing recognized knowledge-systems'.
When attempting to provide a scientific explanation to homeopathy, first we have to propose a ‘scientific hypotheses’. That means, a hypothesis that ‘could be tested by any scientist using currently available scientific tools and methodology’ and that 'fits with existing recognized knowledge-systems'.
Such a working hypothesis, over and above the aforesaid qualifications, should also be immediately useful to the practitioner, because homeopathy is a therapeutic art of practical implications. Besides lending the essential scientific credibility to the homeopathic paradigm, any hypothesis we propose should try to meet some practical utility criteria as a minimum requirement.
There are already many imaginative and 'scientific' ‘theories’ going around that seek to explain everything about homeopathy but fail to predict or offer anything of relevance. If a hypothesis fail to predict some relevant practical outcomes, then it becomes scientifically untestable and, therefore, unusable in practice.
Assumptions being proposed by a scientific hypothesis should be simple, testable and their numbers should be held to a minimum. The assumptions should also reflect the basic experience that is already generally held to be known.
Any working hypothesis about homeopathy should clearly identify a 'biological mechanism' that represents the action-reaction homeostasis of 'vital processes', which is called as the ‘vital force’ in homeopathy. It should also be capable of explaining the molecular mechanism of homeopathic therapeutics in a way fitting to the verified scientific paradigm of modern biochemistry and molecular biology.
Once a working hypothesis is proposed, there is much more research to be done before that is accepted as a 'scientific theory'. The hypothesis needs to offer predictions that can be repeatedly and conclusively proved or disproved in the laboratory and in the clinic with out any bias.
Dialectical Homeopathy proposes following working hypothesis regarding how homeopathy works:
As per DIALECTICAL HOMEOPATHY, homeopathic potentization involves a process of ‘molecular imprinting’. This is exactly similar to modern technology of ‘molecular imprinting in polymers’. Essentially, ‘molecular imprinting’ is a way of creating recognition sites in polymeric materials. Only difference is that instead of polymers, homeopathy utilizes water/ethyl alcohol mixture as the imprinting matrix.
Our concept of ‘molecular imprinting in water’ is based on the available knowledge regarding supra-molecular properties of water, hydrogen bonding, water clusters, clathrate phenomenon etc. Water exhibits some ‘polymer-like’ properties at supra-molecular level, which make it an ideal medium for molecular imprinting.
Individual constituent drug molecules act as ‘guest’ molecules and water/ethyl alcohol molecules act as the ‘host molecules’ in this imprinting protocol.
Through the process of serial dilution and succeussion, water/ethyl alcohol molecules forms supra-molecular clusters, into which the configuration of individual ‘guest’ molecules are imprinted as 3D nanocavities, which are exactly complementary in shape to the ‘guest’ molecules.
DIALECTICAL HOMEOPATHY tries to explain homeopathic therapeutics utilizing the modern scientific understanding of molecular kinetics of bio-molecular interactions. According to this view the phenomenon of LIFE consists of complex chains of inter-dependant biochemical pathways called VITAL PROCESSES which are mediated by diverse types of protein molecules. There is no LIFE with out these bio-molecular interactions and conversions. According to the role they play, molecules participating in these chemical processes are called either LIGAND or TARGET. Any bio-molecular interaction takes place in two distinct stages. In the first stage, a LIGAND molecule identifies an appropriate TARGET molecule having a configuration complementary to it, and binds to it. Second stage involves the real chemical interaction, which is determined by the specific charges carried by LIGAND and TARGET. Foreign molecules having configuration identical to LIGANDS, with out appropriate charge affinity, can 'mimic' as the real ligands and bind to the targets, with out any chemical interaction or molecular conversion taking place. This phenomenon of incomplete molecular interactions plays a great role in pathological molecular blocks.
Homeopathic therapeutics utilizes this phenomenon of complementary configurational relationship, where 'molecular imprints' prepared in water with configuration complementary to the pathogenic molecules are used to bind them and inactivate them, thereby effecting a therapeutic action. ‘Molecular imprints’ of drug molecules are the real active factors of potentized drugs. When introduced into the organism, due to the complementary relationship, these ‘imprints’ can bind to ‘pathogenic’ molecules having configuration similar to the original drug molecules used for imprinting. By this process, the biological molecules are relieved from the molecular blocks created by pathogenic molecules, thereby rectifying the pathologic molecular deviations happened in the biochemic channels.
Let biological molecules be represented by ‘M’, and pathogenic molecules or xenobiotics by D.
Xenobiotics and pathological molecules bind to biological molecule M to form a pathological molecular complex MD.
MD represents a pathological molecular error.
Therapeutic process involves relieving of M from D.
Let crude drug molecules be represented by ‘D1’, If D1 can produce symptoms similar to pathological symptoms produced by D, that means D and D1 has similar molecular configuration, and they could attack same biological molecules and create similar molecular errors in the organism. We say D1 is similimum to MD which is caused by D.
Molecular imprints of D1 may be represented by ‘d’, with a 3D configuration complementary to D1.
If D1 is siimilimum to D, molecular imprints ‘d’ will be having complementary relationship to D also.
When applied as a therapeutic agent, ‘d’ can specifically bind to D of the MD (pathological complex) to form Dd (xenobiotic-imprint complex) , thereby relieving M from pathologic molecular blocks.
M+D > MD = Pathology
If D1 is similimum to D,
And 'd' is 'molecular imprint' of D1,
'd' will be complementary to D.
Then,
MD+d> M+Dd
M is free now (Cured)
Dd is now bio-degraded or eliminated from the system.)
This is the proposed molecular mechanism involved in homeopathic therapeutics.
In order to prove this hypothesis we should be capable of finding answer to the following 14 questions:
LINK: http://totalcurehomeopathicprescriptions.webs.com/
Homeopathic theoreticians till date try to explain the ‘modus operandi’ of potentized homeopathic medicines using one or other hypotheses available or evolved by them, and as such, homeopathy still belongs to a class of ‘unverified science’.
By the term ‘hypothesis’ we mean a ‘proposed explanation’ or "educated guess" for a phenomenon that we observe around us. Every ‘proposed explanation’ cannot be considered a ‘scientific hypothesis’. To be a ‘scientific hypothesis’, the scientific method requires that one can test the hypothesis using available scientific tools and methodology. Every new scientific hypotheses are generally based on previous observations that could not be satisfactorily be explained with the existing scientific theories. The words "hypothesis" and "theory" are often used synonymously in common and informal usage, even though a ‘scientific hypothesis’ is not exactly the same as ‘a scientific theory’. A hypothesis should be proved 'using scientific tools' in order to become a scientific theory. A ‘working hypothesis’ is a provisionally accepted hypothesis that is ready to be proved. Experimenters will have to test and reject several hypotheses before solving the given problem ultimately.
Testability (using existing scientific tools), Simplicity (avoiding excessive numbers of entities), Scope (apparent application of the hypothesis to multiple cases of phenomena), Fruitfulness (hypothesis may help to explain further phenomena in the future), and Conservatism (fitting with existing recognized knowledge-systems) are considered to be the essential qualities of a good scientific hypothesis.
Viewing from this standpoint, it is very much clear that most of the presently existing most celebrated 'theories' or hypotheses regarding homeopathy cannot be considered ‘scientific hypotheses’ since they contain concepts and conclusions that ‘could not be tested by any scientist using currently available scientific tools and methodology’ or 'fit with existing recognized knowledge-systems'.
When attempting to provide a scientific explanation to homeopathy, first we have to propose a ‘scientific hypotheses’. That means, a hypothesis that ‘could be tested by any scientist using currently available scientific tools and methodology’ and that 'fits with existing recognized knowledge-systems'.
Such a working hypothesis, over and above the aforesaid qualifications, should also be immediately useful to the practitioner, because homeopathy is a therapeutic art of practical implications. Besides lending the essential scientific credibility to the homeopathic paradigm, any hypothesis we propose should try to meet some practical utility criteria as a minimum requirement.
There are already many imaginative and 'scientific' ‘theories’ going around that seek to explain everything about homeopathy but fail to predict or offer anything of relevance. If a hypothesis fail to predict some relevant practical outcomes, then it becomes scientifically untestable and, therefore, unusable in practice.
Assumptions being proposed by a scientific hypothesis should be simple, testable and their numbers should be held to a minimum. The assumptions should also reflect the basic experience that is already generally held to be known.
Any working hypothesis about homeopathy should clearly identify a 'biological mechanism' that represents the action-reaction homeostasis of 'vital processes', which is called as the ‘vital force’ in homeopathy. It should also be capable of explaining the molecular mechanism of homeopathic therapeutics in a way fitting to the verified scientific paradigm of modern biochemistry and molecular biology.
Once a working hypothesis is proposed, there is much more research to be done before that is accepted as a 'scientific theory'. The hypothesis needs to offer predictions that can be repeatedly and conclusively proved or disproved in the laboratory and in the clinic with out any bias.
Dialectical Homeopathy proposes following working hypothesis regarding how homeopathy works:
As per DIALECTICAL HOMEOPATHY, homeopathic potentization involves a process of ‘molecular imprinting’. This is exactly similar to modern technology of ‘molecular imprinting in polymers’. Essentially, ‘molecular imprinting’ is a way of creating recognition sites in polymeric materials. Only difference is that instead of polymers, homeopathy utilizes water/ethyl alcohol mixture as the imprinting matrix.
Our concept of ‘molecular imprinting in water’ is based on the available knowledge regarding supra-molecular properties of water, hydrogen bonding, water clusters, clathrate phenomenon etc. Water exhibits some ‘polymer-like’ properties at supra-molecular level, which make it an ideal medium for molecular imprinting.
Individual constituent drug molecules act as ‘guest’ molecules and water/ethyl alcohol molecules act as the ‘host molecules’ in this imprinting protocol.
Through the process of serial dilution and succeussion, water/ethyl alcohol molecules forms supra-molecular clusters, into which the configuration of individual ‘guest’ molecules are imprinted as 3D nanocavities, which are exactly complementary in shape to the ‘guest’ molecules.
DIALECTICAL HOMEOPATHY tries to explain homeopathic therapeutics utilizing the modern scientific understanding of molecular kinetics of bio-molecular interactions. According to this view the phenomenon of LIFE consists of complex chains of inter-dependant biochemical pathways called VITAL PROCESSES which are mediated by diverse types of protein molecules. There is no LIFE with out these bio-molecular interactions and conversions. According to the role they play, molecules participating in these chemical processes are called either LIGAND or TARGET. Any bio-molecular interaction takes place in two distinct stages. In the first stage, a LIGAND molecule identifies an appropriate TARGET molecule having a configuration complementary to it, and binds to it. Second stage involves the real chemical interaction, which is determined by the specific charges carried by LIGAND and TARGET. Foreign molecules having configuration identical to LIGANDS, with out appropriate charge affinity, can 'mimic' as the real ligands and bind to the targets, with out any chemical interaction or molecular conversion taking place. This phenomenon of incomplete molecular interactions plays a great role in pathological molecular blocks.
Homeopathic therapeutics utilizes this phenomenon of complementary configurational relationship, where 'molecular imprints' prepared in water with configuration complementary to the pathogenic molecules are used to bind them and inactivate them, thereby effecting a therapeutic action. ‘Molecular imprints’ of drug molecules are the real active factors of potentized drugs. When introduced into the organism, due to the complementary relationship, these ‘imprints’ can bind to ‘pathogenic’ molecules having configuration similar to the original drug molecules used for imprinting. By this process, the biological molecules are relieved from the molecular blocks created by pathogenic molecules, thereby rectifying the pathologic molecular deviations happened in the biochemic channels.
Let biological molecules be represented by ‘M’, and pathogenic molecules or xenobiotics by D.
Xenobiotics and pathological molecules bind to biological molecule M to form a pathological molecular complex MD.
MD represents a pathological molecular error.
Therapeutic process involves relieving of M from D.
Let crude drug molecules be represented by ‘D1’, If D1 can produce symptoms similar to pathological symptoms produced by D, that means D and D1 has similar molecular configuration, and they could attack same biological molecules and create similar molecular errors in the organism. We say D1 is similimum to MD which is caused by D.
Molecular imprints of D1 may be represented by ‘d’, with a 3D configuration complementary to D1.
If D1 is siimilimum to D, molecular imprints ‘d’ will be having complementary relationship to D also.
When applied as a therapeutic agent, ‘d’ can specifically bind to D of the MD (pathological complex) to form Dd (xenobiotic-imprint complex) , thereby relieving M from pathologic molecular blocks.
M+D > MD = Pathology
If D1 is similimum to D,
And 'd' is 'molecular imprint' of D1,
'd' will be complementary to D.
Then,
MD+d> M+Dd
M is free now (Cured)
Dd is now bio-degraded or eliminated from the system.)
This is the proposed molecular mechanism involved in homeopathic therapeutics.
In order to prove this hypothesis we should be capable of finding answer to the following 14 questions:
- Whether chemical structure of water/ethyl alcohol mixture(control) and potentized medicine are same
- Whether potentized medicines do not contain original drug molecules.
- Whether potentized medicines act up on biological molecules in a different from control solutions.
- Whether potentized medicines react with biological molecules in exactly opposite way from that of original drug molecules.
- Whether by the influence of forces such as heat, electricity or other EMRs, potentized medicines lose their power to interact with biological molecules.
- Whether potentized medicines can prevent their original drug molecules from interacting with biological molecules.
- Whether potentized medicines can antidote the biochemical actions of their original drug molecules.
- Whether potentized medicines have any physical properties different from control solutions.
- Whether potentized medicines contain supra-molecular clusters of water/ethyl alcohol, and controls do not contain such clusters.
- Whether those clusters disappear once the potentized medicines are subjected to heat or electric current or strong EMRs.
- Whether potentized medicines can absorb more UV light than controls, during spectrometric studies
- Whether scattering of light in potentized medicines and controls are different.
- Whether defraction of light beam are different in potentized medicines and control solutions.
- Whether the hydrogen bonds in potentized medicines are more strong and stable than that of control solutions.
LINK: http://totalcurehomeopathicprescriptions.webs.com/
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